Efficiency

• The most straightforward way to reduce carbon emissions is to use less fuel.
• Reductions can be achieved by improving the efficiency of engines, and avoiding waste of energy.
• While these may be profitable solely from the reductions in fuel costs, Kyoto and the EU carbon trading scheme permits trading of reductions, so a further profit contribution can be achieved by selling carbon reductions to other players.
• However, a legal framework for shipping to do this is not yet established.